ITB syndrome is an umbrella term that refers to a group of disorders that all involve the IT band. These disorders include iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), iliopsoas syndrome, and patellofemoral syndrome. All of these disorders involve pain and inflammation in the IT band, which is a band of muscle that runs along the outside of the thigh. The cause of most cases of ITB syndrome is unknown, but it is likely due to a combination of factors, including genetics, biomechanics, and physical activity. Treatment typically involves either conservative measures, such as self-care exercises and stretches, or prescription medications. In some cases, surgery may be required.